Chair Design and ergonomics
Chair design considers intended usage, ergonomics (how
comfortable it is for the occupant), as well as non-ergonomic
functional requirements such as size, stack ability, fold ability,
weight, durability, stain resistance and artistic design. Intended
usage determines the desired seating position. "Task chairs", or any
chair intended for people to work at a desk or table, including
dining chairs, can only recline very slightly; otherwise the
occupant is too far away from the desk or table. Dental chairs are
necessarily reclined. Easy chairs for watching television or movies
are somewhere in between depending on the height of the screen.
Ergonomic designs distributes the weight of the occupant to various
parts of the body. A seat that is higher results in dangling feet
and increased pressure on the underside of the knees ("popliteal
fold"). It may also result in no weight on the feet which means more
weight elsewhere. A lower seat may shift too much weight to the
"seat bones" ("ischial tuberosities").
A reclining seat and back will shift weight to the occupant's back.
This may be more comfortable for some in reducing weight on the seat
area, but may be problematic for others who have bad backs. In
general, if the occupant is suppose to sit for a long time, weight
needs to be taken off the seat area and thus "easy" chairs intended
for long periods of sitting are generally at least slightly
reclined. However, reclining may not be suitable for chairs intended
for work or eating at table.
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